Researchers at IBM pitted their 127-qubit Eagle quantum computer against a conventional supercomputer in a challenge to perform a complex calculation – and the quantum computer won
IBM’s Eagle quantum computer completed a calculation that stumped the conventional supercomputer it was pitted against.
Quantum computers have sparked excitement for a few decades, but researchers haven’t built one that universally outperforms all conventional computers. This is partly because all existing quantum computers are “noisy” – their results areat IBM and his colleagues have shown that even a noisy quantum computer can be more accurate in its calculations than a conventional machine.
The difficulty of this problem increases with the number of particles. For up to a certain number of particles, researchers can solve the relevant equations on a computer exactly. Supercomputers and approximation methods can handle the calculations when larger number of particles are involved, but eventually computations become so complex that conventional computing fails.
The IBM team does not claim to have achieved quantum supremacy, which would mean proving that Eagle’s performance is impossible to match for any conventional computer and algorithm. They didn’t test the quantum computer against every existing conventional approach. Kandala says this was not their goal as he expects classical computing methods to continue to improve, but he and his colleagues wanted to test the usefulness of the quantum processors available now.
He says that the methods they used for these calculations could be adapted to a broader set of problems such as calculating the behaviour of materials or molecules that are of interest in biophysics and
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