Nvidia's new DLSS3 has a lot going on. We break down how it works and why AMD's FSR can't catch up, at least for the time being.
Nvidia’s RTX 40-series graphics cards are arriving in a few short weeks, but among all the hardware improvements lies what could be Nvidia’s golden egg: DLSS 3. It’s much more than just an update to Nvidia’s popular DLSS feature, and it could end up defining Nvidia’s next generation much more than the graphics cards themselves.
The new part is frame generation. DLSS 3 will generate an entirely unique frame every other frame, essentially generating seven out of every eight pixels you see. You can see an illustration of that in the flow chart below. In the case of 4K, your GPU only renders the pixels for 1080p and uses that information for not only the current frame but also the next frame.
Masking isn’t an option when an AI is generating an entirely unique frame, which is where the Optical Flow Accelerator in RTX 40-series GPUs comes into play. It’s like a motion vector, except the graphics card is tracking the movement of individual pixels from one frame to the next. This optical flow field, along with motion vectors, depth, and color, contribute to the AI-generated frame.
Where AI makes a difference Microsoft Flight Simulator | NVIDIA DLSS 3 - Exclusive First-Look AMD’s FSR 2.0 doesn’t use AI, and as I wrote about a while back, it proves that you can get the same quality as DLSS with algorithms instead of machine learning. DLSS 3 changes that with its unique frame generation capabilities, as well as the introduction of optical flow.
That leads to an improvement in frame rate even in games that are CPU limited. Supersampling only applies to your resolution, which is almost exclusively dependent on your GPU. With a new frame that bypasses CPU processing, DLSS 3 can double frame rates in games even if you have a complete CPU bottleneck. That’s impressive and currently only possible with AI.
Getting that to run while a game is executing and still providing a frame rate improvement on the level of FSR 2.0 or DLSS, that’s even more to ask. Nvidia, even with dedicated processors and a trained model, still has to use Reflex to offset the higher latency imposed by optical flow. Without that hardware or software, FSR would likely trade too much latency to generate frames.
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