U.S. finalizes tough new emissions rules for big trucks
Improvements should result in fewer deaths, fewer missed school and work daysThe EPA has released its final rules on reduced NOx and particulate emissions for heavy-duty vehicles such as semi-trucks, buses and other commercial vehicles. They're the first new rules in more than 20 years according to the organization.
The new emissions targets are substantially more stringent. NOx emissions have to drop from 200 mg per horsepower-hour to 35 mg for spark-ignition engines, and 50 mg for compression-ignition engines. That's for cruising and acceleration testing. New requirements are also going into place for"low-load" conditions such as idling and stop-and-go traffic, as part of the EPA's expanded testing.
The EPA is also requiring engine manufacturers to provide emissions equipment that can last the lifetime of the engines, in order to reduce the incentive to defeat emissions equipment after failures during the life of the vehicles. Currently, the lifetime estimates for the different classes of engines are fairly low at 110,000 miles/10 years for spark-ignition engines to 435,000 miles/10 years/22,000 hours for the heaviest-duty compression-ignition engines.
Warranties for the emissions equipment must increase accordingly, too, in order to incentivise maintaining this equipment. At the low end, spark-ignition engine equipment must be warrantied for at least 160,000 miles, 10 years or 8,000 hours, rather than the current requirement of 50,000 miles or 5 years. At the high end, the heaviest duty compression-ignition equipment warranties must improve from 100,000 miles or 5 years to 450,000 miles, 10 years or 22,000 hours.
The EPA predicts significant improvements in NOx emissions. Through 2045, it expects those emissions to be reduced by 48%. Particulate emissions, volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide emissions will also go down by 8%, 23% and 18% respectively. In more real terms, the EPA expects 2,900 fewer premature deaths, 6,700 fewer hospital and emergency room visits and $29 billion in annual net benefits, including fewer missed work days and school days.
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