Why timber is the building block of the future
The project’s convoluted approval and design process demonstrates the lack of clarity around the use of mass-timber in New York City. Initially, 670 Union was supposed to be built from CLT, which is even stronger than glulam and has been used in Europe since the 1980s.
In the latest DOB permissions brief, for instance, CLT cannot be used for elevator cores or the types of drop ceilings that typically house mechanical equipment. For one thing, it’s far more sustainable than common building materials such as concrete and steel. It can be precisely prefabricated off site to save time, construction waste and — most crucially — money.
This past May, for instance, the University of California, San Diego successfully tested a 10-story mass timber frame by Portland, Oregon- and Los Angeles-based Lever Architecture that withstood the equivalent of a 7.7 magnitude tremor. The future New York Climate Exchange on Governor’s Island will include new and converted buildings mostly composed of mass timber.However, mass timber’s newfound architectural notoriety has not come without consequence.
Then there are the structural limitations of wood, which is still outmatched by more traditional building materials. “As the load on structural elements gets larger, there are natural limitations of wood fiber strength compared to concrete or steel,” says Peronto. This becomes a problem, says SOM partner Kim Van Holsbeke, when trying to scale mass timber while still benefiting the environment.
“As buyers become more aware of their [carbon] footprint…mass timber will bring us one step closer to building future-proof spaces” with minimal environmental impact, he says.
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