in the global adoption of a framework that lays out targets for reducing the causes of biodiversity loss, such as pollution and provides financing for developing countries to protect their biodiversit
y and develop more sustainable economic alternatives to resource extraction and deforestation.
Just as the U.N. climate change conference that recently concluded in Sharm-el Sheikh, Egypt was known as COP27 because it was the 27th conference of parties to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change, the ongoing COP15 in Montreal is the latest iteration of a conference of parties to a different treaty, the Convention on Biological Diversity.
The nations present in Montreal are expected to negotiate an agreement that will be known as the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, and that will function in the same manner as climate change agreements such as the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement and the 2021 Glasgow Climate Pact. As was the case at COP27 in Egypt, major sticking points include how to protect Indigenous land rights — Indigenous communities do not want conservation goals to prevent them from using their land — and how much money developed countries will give developing countries to help them implement the policies.
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