Ketamine might be better known as a recreational drug or anesthetic.
The trial randomized the 184 study participants into different groups – some receiving ketamine, the rest the drug, twice a week over four weeks. Neither the study participants nor those assessing the results knew who had ketamine and who didn't.
At the start of the study, all participants had a clinical depression score of at least 20 using a particular scale known as the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale. The researchers then looked for a score of less than 11, indicating a shift from a depression to remission. After four weeks, there was a big difference between people treated with ketamine compared with midazolam . Another, less-strict way of measuring outcomes is to look for a halving of the depression score. This had an even bigger difference .
However, four weeks after the treatment had ended, there was only limited sustained improvement in symptoms in the ketamine group. This suggests treatment may be needed over a longer period.In the trial, ketamine was given via an injection under the skin, which is a low-cost and efficient option. But ketamine can also be delivered directly into the bloodstream via an intravenous drip.
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