In 2020, as the COVID vaccines were being developed, there was this optimism and expectation that the pandemic would soon end. But, for a variety of reasons that hasn’t happened. So, at this point, how does the pandemic end?
75% of people
have two immunizations; 30% of people have three. In Africa, 25% of people are vaccinated. Germany is similar to the U.S. Other countries are much better. But if you wanted to get rid of COVID quickly, you would have needed to vaccinate 90% of the world — and that didn't happen. And it's never going to happen. So it's now an endemic disease. Hopefully, it'll be like the flu, where every winter we have some COVID and we have some flu, we get vaccinated, and it's not too bad.
TV: After mRNA was used successfully in the development of the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines, there has been a lot of interest in utilizing the technology in other ways — especially since the first phase of a National Institutes of Health clinical trial of three mRNA HIV vaccine candidates: I've been working on RNA vaccines for HIV for over 20 years. We actually had two phase 1 clinical trials that started before the pandemic to treat HIV.
At BioNTech, we have a FixVac vaccine for cancer, which is tumor-antigen-specific. And together with Genentech, we have individualized cancer vaccines, which means that the vaccine is made only for that person who has that tumor. We sequence and identify what mutations are present, and make specific mRNA coding for those neoantigens.: And we’ve been working on a monkeypox vaccine. We’re talking to BioNTech next week to see if they want to put it into clinical trials.
[to fight cancer], for editing the genome, and for treating sickle cell anemia, and inflammatory disorders of the lungs, the brain, and the heart. The ultimate goal is treatment of brain neurodegenerative disorders. This, of course, is more difficult because you have to cross the blood-brain barrier. But we've done that. And now we're working on secondary targeting of specific cells in the brain.
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