Biomaterials that aid human systems are a relatively new field.
What is the outlook for 3-D bioprinting of body parts?
Prolonged time spent space traveling translates to dangerous bone loss and cartilage deterioration. The European Space Agency has invested in to ensure people heading far, far away from Earth can utilize specialized technology to combat these issues. Instead of packing bulky medical supplies, 3-D bioprinting allows individuals to respond to medical emergencies. So far, scientists working with the ESA have managed to print skin and bone samples in conditions that mimic those aboard a spacecraft. For skin, they created a biomaterial combining blood plasma with methylcellulose and alginate found in plants and algae. For the bone sample, they added calcium phosphate bone cement.
Traditional materials for blocking radiation, such as lead and water, are unrealistically heavy for a long-term mission. But melanin, a naturally-occurring pigment that shields organisms from the sun's harmful rays, is a promising alternative to protect crews and keep weight down.
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