Antibiotic resistant microbes from the soil, from aquaculture, from sewage and from hospitals can hook onto air pollution particles. A new study looks at the implications.
Advertisement"Airborne fine particulate matter, we usually call it PM2.5, contains a cocktail of microorganisms," says Hong Chen, professor of environmental engineering at Zhejiang University and corresponding author of the study.
"The analysis suggests that PM2.5 is one of the leading factors driving clinical antibiotic resistance," says Chen.Drug-resistant microbes multiply when a course of medication, such as an antibiotic, kills off susceptible bacteria and spares the few who happen to be hardier. Those resistant bacteria are then free to thrive and spread.
The remaining particles"can then return to the earth's surface through deposition in snow and rain, connecting the atmosphere and the earth's surface and creating a global [antimicrobial resistant gene] cycle," says Chen.The scope of the new study is unprecedented, researchers say:"This study is the most comprehensive analysis of the burden of AMR to date, producing estimates for 204 countries and territories, 23 bacterial pathogens, and 88 pathogen–drug combinations.
"I would be careful to draw conclusions on the causal relationship," says Buelow."There's an increase in antimicrobial resistance in the past 20 years. There's an increase in pollution in the past 20 years. There's also an increase in population growth in the last 20 years. There's a strong correlation, and we have to continue to study this. But I'm not sure we can conclude from this study that this is a causal relationship.
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