The team investigated orbit variations in compact multi-planet systems for this purpose.
Scientists believe the Milankovitch cycles have influenced Earth's climate for millions of years, causing climate shifts such as ice ages and warmer periods. These cycles are the periodic variations that influence a planet's orbital properties. This, in turn, controls how much sunlight the planet receives over time and thus plays an important role in determining the planet's climate and habitability.
Howard Chen, an exoplanetary scientist and astrobiologist at Florida Tech, led this research with colleagues from Georgia Tech, the University of Toronto, and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.for this study. They examined the planets' spins in this system. Their preliminary findings suggest that planets close together in multiplanet systems can influence each other's spin rate and that the spin rate can change significantly over time,"This means that the star shines on a planet unequally at different times. It's not the constant or fixed or equal case anymore, which is what the usual assumption is for these 'tidally-locked' planets. Instead, it's distributed. The sunlight's distributed unevenly across the planet.
The study notes that it is important for a system to be compact with planets of a certain size and mass. Less massive planets may not affect the spin rates of other planets.In our solar system, for example, Mars has a minor influence on Earth's spin, whereas Jupiter has a much larger influence on Earth. From a geological standpoint, Earth's climate has changed over time, which is also due to the influence of the moon, other planets, and the sun on the planet's orbit.
"What we can verify is the climate predictions, the surface chemistry of the planet. We can look at the thermal emission, and then we can see the temperature and surface features of these planets. Is it what we found? If it is, then our model is correct," said Chen.
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