Scientists discover critical factors that determine the survival of airborne viruses RSocPublishing
Levitating droplets. Each of these droplets have a single SARS-CoV-2 viral particle. The droplets look like lines because they are rapidly moving in an electrodynamic field. Credit: University of Bristol
In the first study to measure differences in airborne stability of different variants of SARS-CoV-2 in, researchers from Bristol's School of Chemistry show that the virus has become less capable of surviving in the air as it has evolved from the original strain through to the delta variant. To conduct the research, the team used a next generation bioaerosol technology instrument that they developed called CELEBS , that allowed them to probe the survival of different SARS-CoV-2 variants in laboratory generated airborne particles that mimic exhaled aerosol. They examined how environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity, particle composition and the presence of acidic vapors such as nitric acid alter virus infectivity over a 40-minute period.
The high pH of exhaled SARS-CoV-2 virus droplets is likely a major driver of the loss of infectiousness, so the less acid in the air, the more alkaline the droplet, the faster the virus dies. Opening a window may be more important than originally thought as fresh air with lower, reduces acid content in the atmosphere and means the virus dies significantly quicker.
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