How do you study reproductive aging, the biological clock that affects fertility, in the lab? Researchers at Howard Hughes Medical Institute's Janelia Research Campus use a surprising animal: the roundworm C. elegans.
Healthy mitochondria are critical for reproduction, playing an important role in unfertilized eggs called oocytes. But exactly how mitochondria affect reproductive aging is not well understood.
Now, researchers show that a form of the enzyme Mitochondrial Succinyl-CoA Synthetase that produces GTP—a molecule important for cellular energy—increases in oocytes as they age. By reducing the amount of this enzyme, called GTP-specific SCS, the researchers showed animals could reproduce longer and the ability of older eggs to become fertilized increased.
The researchers also discovered that age-associated changes in oocyte mitochondria are altered when exposed to different strains of E. coli bacteria. Vitamin B12 from these bacteria regulate GTP levels in, affecting the clustering of the organelles around the nucleus and reproductive aging. The new findings could help scientists better understand how reproductive aging is regulated in mammals, including humans, and how genetic andYi-Tang Lee et al, Mitochondrial GTP metabolism controls reproductive aging in C. elegans,
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