Physicists have just set a new record confining a self-focused laser pulse to a cage of air, down the length of a 45 meter-long (148 foot-long) university corridor.
is one example. This consists of a glass tube along which electromagnetic waves are directed. Because the cladding around the outside of the tube has a lower refractive index than the center of the tube, light that tries to scatter instead bends back into the tube, maintaining the beam along its length.
The lower density air has a lower refractive index than the air around it – like the cladding around an optical fiber tube. So firing these filaments in a specific configuration that"cages" a laser beam in their center effectively creates a waveguide out of the air.created an air waveguide of about 70 centimeters long, using four filaments.
Their experiments revealed that the waveguide is extremely fleeting, lasting just hundredths of a second. To guide something that's traveling the speed of light, however, that time is ample.
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