New research sheds light on the advantages the top 1% has in college admissions.
The admissions policies at a handful of highly selective private colleges help to perpetuate privilege across generations.
The authors are economists from Harvard University and Brown University who are affiliated with Opportunity Insights, an organization focused on research related to economic mobility. The findings come less than a month after the Supreme Court banned colleges from using race-conscious policies in admissions. Leading up to and following the decision, higher-education stakeholders have worried about how colleges could maintain diverse classes and their status as engines of economic and social mobility without affirmative action.
Legacy applicants and athletes have a big advantage Applicants from households in the top 1% of the earnings distribution, or whose families make at least $611,000, are 55% more likely to get into Ivy Plus schools than those from middle-class families with similar SAT or ACT scores, the study found.
Admissions offices tend to give similar academic ratings to students who graduate from public high schools in affluent neighborhoods as those who attend non-religious high schools with similar standardized test scores, the study found. But students who attend these private schools have higher non-academic ratings. Students from households in the top 1% are more likely to attend these schools.
Read more: As Supreme Court strikes down affirmative action, the push to end legacy admissions may gain momentum The paper’s findings “will add insights to our considerations and our continuing efforts to attract and support a community of outstanding students whose educational opportunities are not constrained by financial circumstances,” Rura said.
Accessing those plum outcomes has little to do with the characteristics that gave the applicants advantages in the admissions process, the researchers found. Instead, students’ academic performance in high school and standardized test scores are much more predictive of post-college success, they note.
Among the Ivy Plus schools that were the focus of the research, MIT stood out in that wealthy students were no more likely to attend the school than less-wealthy students with similar test scores. MIT hasn’t given weight to legacy status for years. Still, wealthier students are overrepresented at public flagship colleges. That’s in large part because these students are more likely to apply to these schools, the paper found. Boosting efforts to recruit low-income students could help increase their ranks on these schools’ campuses, the study notes.
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