Research led by Harvard University offers new, sharper proof of early plate tectonics and flipping of geomagnetic poles. New evidence points to the role of plate tectonics in early Earth’s release of internal heat and the swapping of geomagnetic poles. Some of the sharpest evidence yet that Ear
An interior cutaway of the early Earth highlighting its major geodynamic processes. Magnetic field lines are drawn in blue and red emanating from the liquid core that generated them, while plate tectonic forces rearrange the surface and play a role in the churning circulation of the rocky mantle below. Credit: Alec Brenner
Some of the sharpest evidence yet that Earth’s crust was pushing and pulling in a manner similar to modern plate tectonics at least 3.25 billion years ago has been revealed by new research that analyzed pieces of the most ancient rocks on the planet. Additionally, the study provides the earliest proof of when the planet’s magnetic north and south poles swapped places.
Geologists Alec Brenner and Roger Fu, focused on a portion of the Pilbara Craton in Western Australia, one of the oldest and most stable pieces of the Earth’s crust. Credit: Photo by Roger Fu The reversal tells a great deal about the planet’s magnetic field 3.2 billion years ago. Key among the implications is that the magnetic field was likely stable and strong enough to keep solar winds from eroding the atmosphere. This insight, combined with the results on plate tectonics, offers clues to the conditions under which the earliest forms of life developed.
Evidence of when plate tectonics started is hard to come by because the oldest pieces of crust are thrust into the interior mantle, never to resurface. Only 5 percent of all rocks on Earth are older than 2.5 billion years old, and no rock is older than about 4 billion years. The Quantum Diamond Microscope was developed in a collaboration between Harvard researchers in the Departments of Earth and Planetary Sciences and of Physics.
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