An architectural tour of Britain's houses suggests that the lessons learned over the centuries about how to deal with weather may apply today.
Philip Kennicott, The Post's art and architecture critic, Frank Hulley-Jones, a designer, and Laura Hynd, a photographer, traveled across the United Kingdom for this story.Since time immemorial, this island nation has struggled against cold and damp. The challenge was to build a house in which candles didn’t flicker when the wind howled outside, and moisture didn’t gather too egregiously on cold walls of stone and brick.
Much of this country’s housing stock was built more than a century ago, and too much of it built poorly and unsustainably. And there are enormous inequities in British housing, creating social fissures that will be exacerbated this coming winter as people deal with soaring fuel prices.
Hardwick Hall is renowned for its many windows, majestic public spaces — including the Long Gallery — and rich collection of art, tapestries and original Elizabethan decoration. Among its most thermally stable rooms was the smaller-scaled Withdrawing Chamber, where Bess of Hardwick and subsequent owners would retreat for greater comfort.
In recent decades, owners often installed more efficient windows and added more glass — skylights and glazed extensions— to bring in light.Some renovations, including overhead insulation, that make a house more airtight can trap warmth during prolonged summer heat.These modest homes had features that would have been a luxury in the age of Bess of Hardwick. Brick and glass were used long before the rise of the coal economy, but they weren’t standard, or accessible to most homeowners.
Thermal imaging captures the temperature differential between materials, paint colors and vegetation. Unlike some of her neighbors, who have removed walls and opened the living space, Tilley kept her house in its original configuration. “I like it,” she says. “It was easier to heat small rooms.” In Chalcots estate in London a ground floor communal elevator lobby has a notice board where a resident points out safety regulations for windows not mentioned by architects.
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