According to the science, Earth should actually be experiencing a cooling period right now.
During a typical 22-year period, consisting of a couple of solid, we're likely to count 30,000 to 40,000 sunspots. During a part of the Maunder minimum, right at the end of the 17th century, however, there were zero sunspots. Scientists still aren't sure what caused the Maunder minimum, which eventually eased by 1715. But they do know that it overlapped with the Little Ice Age.
However, the number of sunspots does relate to the overall brightness of the sun. So during the Maunder minimum, the sun was a little less intense, and Earth's northern latitudes are more susceptible to even tiny changes in the sun's output. There's far more land area there than at the equivalent southern latitudes, and land changes temperature far more quickly than water does.
The first person to point out the effect of the Earth-sun system on our planet's climate was Serbian physicist and astronomer Milutin Milankovitch, who, in the 1920s, discovered several natural cycles in Earth's orbit that might be responsible for major climatic shifts. The first natural cycle is that Earth's orbit slowly changes from elliptical to circular and back again roughly every 100,000 years. These changes are due to slight gravitational nudges from
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