A polymer-based electrolyte makes for batteries that keep working – and don’t catch fire over 140 degrees F.Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries
Huang developed a non-flammable electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries with 19 other researchers at the Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University. Their work demonstrated that batteries containing this electrolyte continue to function at high temperatures without starting a fire.Conventional lithium-ion battery electrolytes are made of a lithium salt dissolved in a liquid organic solvent, such as ether or carbonate.
She decided to add as much as she could of a lithium salt called LiFSI to a polymer-based electrolyte designed and synthesized by Jian-Cheng Lai, a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford University and co-first author on the paper. SAFE works because the solvents and salt work together. The solvent molecules help conduct ions, resulting in performance comparable to that of batteries containing conventional electrolytes. But, instead of failing at high temperatures like most lithium-ion batteries, batteries containing SAFE continue to operate at temperatures between 77–212 degrees F.
“This new finding points out a new way of thinking for polymer-based electrolyte design,” said Zhenan Bao, a professor at Stanford University and investigator with the Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences who advises Huang. “This electrolyte is important for developing future batteries that are both high energy density and safe.”Polymer-based electrolytes can be solid or liquid.
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