These genetic and environmental factors may increase the likelihood of adverse childhood experiences according to new research, writes AtCMAP
which estimates associations between environmental factors and outcomes under a scenario in which polygenic risk scores could explain greater genetic liability to mental health problems.
Using this method, we found that genetic factors accounted for at least part of the associations between ACEs and mental health. Notably, though, child maltreatment and parental mental health problems were still associated with child mental health problems, independent of genetic factors. This suggests that the environmental experience of maltreatment and living with a parent with mental health problems could influence children’s mental health.
Our study is not without limitations. First, we examined a narrow set of ACEs, but many other adversities affect children, such asor death of a family member. Second, our study was based on participants with European ancestry, so it’s important to investigate whether the findings generalise to populations with different ancestral backgrounds.
Overall, though, our findings can help to inform interventions to help prevent children from developing mental health problems. Because maltreatment and parental mental health problems were associated with children’s mental health problems through environmental pathways, preventing those experiences might help to prevent mental health problems in the population.
To prevent children exposed to ACEs from developing mental health problems, accessible mental health support is essential. Because children exposed to ACEs were more likely to have genetic predispositions to mental health problems, therapeutic techniques that address heritableThis post was written by Jessie Baldwin, PhD, Megan Briggs, and Jean-Baptiste Pingault, PhD.
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