From frozen baby mammoths to ancient skis, glacial archaeologists are finding invaluable artifacts and fossils in the world's melting ice.
. The substance acts as a time machine, preserving the state of trapped objects as they were when they first frosted over. Glacial archaeologists do not have to worry about buried objects decaying, which makes them a great record of the past. Some of the most productive sites include Norway, Yellowstone National Park, and Siberia.
Pilø says the favorite artifact he’s found was a 1,400-year-old wooden arrow with a blunt end. At close to 10 inches, it’s very small, which Pilø thinks would not have inflicted any kind of damage if shot. Further analysis revealed it to be a toy arrow, likely used by a child trying to master archery—and suggests the emphasis on hunting in this time period.
This artifact may represent one of the first ice patch artifacts recovered in the Greater Yellowstone Area. It’s composed primarily of plaited or twisted leather partially covered with a coiled, blackish wrapping of organic material that may be bark from a chokecherry tree. It was radiocarbon-dated to about 1,370 years old.Melting ice patches have also helped archaeologists identify objects belonging to the ancestors of early Native Americans around the northern US.
There is also the issue of ancient artifacts washing away: Pilø estimates 60 to 80 percent of mountain ice in Norway is in danger of melting by the end of this century. He describes it as a race against time. “If we are not ready to search for these finds, they will get lost, and so will the stories they could have told us.”
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