Researchers are trying to establish whether existing COVID-19 vaccines and treatments can prevent lasting symptoms
In the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, urologist and clinical epidemiologist Kari Tikkinen found his schedule full of cancelled surgeries, so he had some time to kill. “Do whatever you feel is most useful,” his boss at the University of Helsinki advised him. So Tikkinen threw himself into running clinical trials for COVID-19 therapies.
Debilitating symptoms Research into long COVID—which is also known as post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, and is usually defined as COVID-19 symptoms that last longer than three months—has lagged behind studies of the acute phase of infection. People who experience long COVID live with a wide array of symptoms, ranging from mild to severely debilitating. Researchers have proposed a variety of causes for the condition—from lingering viral reservoirs, to autoimmunity, to tiny blood clots.
But that still leaves too many people at risk of getting long COVID, says Altmann. “Half is not as good as I thought it would be,” he says. “I was thinking and hoping that long COVID would be a thing of the past.” These antiviral drugs are typically used to treat people with relatively mild COVID symptoms. Tikkinen and his colleagues hope to learn more about the long-term impact of treatments received by those who were hospitalized with COVID-19. His team is following up with participants in the University of Helsinki’s arm of the World Health Organization’s international COVID-19 treatment trial, called SOLIDARITY.
Small-scale trials Researchers are hoping to find out whether more treatments can reduce the risk of long COVID. A large UK-based trial called HEAL-COVID is testing two drugs that target the cardiovascular system in people who have been hospitalized with COVID-19. One, called apixaban, is an anticoagulant. The other, atorvastatin, is a cholesterol-lowering medication thought to reduce inflammation in blood vessels.
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