Climate change is causing glaciers to melt, which is revealing ancient artifacts like Ötzi the Iceman and materials for ancient reindeer hunts.
In Innlandet County where Pilø works, there was an uptick in artifacts about 15 years ago when there was a large melt in the area. “In 2006, we had a big shellshock because there were so many artifacts coming out of the ice,” Pilø says.
The way the artifacts were interspersed revealed how these hunts played out. The researchers found arrows and several one-meter stakes, which archaeologists determined were used to direct groups of reindeer toward waiting hunters. But this kind of discovery can also illustrate some of the limits of glacier archaeology.
Due to their movement, most glaciers won’t hold artifacts more than 500 years. And when artifacts are found in these regions, they often have been moved from where they first began. Many other artifacts are embedded in ice patches, which don’t move as much, if at all. Occasional melting at the surface, can result in artifacts washing downhill, though.Some of the best information coming out of glaciers and ice patches, Pilø says, is preserved in mountain passes.
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