For thousands of years mankind has looked to the sky and depicted what we've seen. 🌌
, which decorated the ceiling of a temple dedicated to the god Osiris, looks like a random menagerie: rams, lions, crocodiles and more, arranged in a circle.But soon after its discovery in 1799, Egyptologists recognized it as a tableau of the night sky, organized aroundThe Babylonians of the first millennium B.C.
, a globe-like model with several rings to illustrate the motion of the Sun, moon and stars. Earth, by Greco-Roman reckoning, stood still at the center. In this case, the sphere is “Ptolemaic,” named for the Alexandrian astronomer Ptolemy, whose geocentric paradigm dominated Western belief until the 1500s. Spheres that instead show the Earth orbiting the Sun are, naturally, called “Copernican.”, the Greek philosopher Aristotle took geocentrism to its logical conclusion.
Aristotle and Ptolemy’s combined vision held such sway, in fact, that by the 14th century, Italian poet Dante AlighieriThe Copernican revolution and its aftermath have long since swept away these antiquated notions, of course. But with every scientific advance, every
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