A protein secreted by seemingly dormant cells in skin moles causes hair to grow again. That’s a big—and potentially useful—surprise.
Senescence plays a key role in nevi development: Mutated pigment-producing cells called melanocytes stop replicating as a failsafe to prevent themselves from turning into aggressive cancers. Butin their environment causes small hairs from the surrounding follicle to grow long and thick—to keep growing, even when other cells are not. “What you see in the mole is theof what you see on the scalp of a person going bald,” Plikus says. “I became obsessed.
It surprised Plikus to find that such a potent rejuvenator could emerge from senescent melanocytes—something that was supposed to be dormant, if not harmful, apparently creates healthy growth. “We’re now the first ever to show that there are instances where molecules secreted by such aged cells are beneficial for hair growth,” he says.molecules, proteins, and hormones to communicate. A relatively small number of them account for thousands of functions throughout your body.
In normal skin, osteopontin comes from dermal papilla, which sit at the base of hair follicles. In the new study, excessive osteopontin from melanocytes appeared to invade follicle stem cells, switching on hair growth. To show that senescent melanocytes ooze out a molecule that reanimates follicles, the team engineered mice with nevi toproduce osteopontin. As expected, these moles didn’t become hairy. In a separate test, they confirmed that human hairy nevi overproduce osteopontin.
Their next step was to harness the effect: regrowing mouse fur. People grow hair continuously, but mice do it in bursts—so if you shave them, they’ll stay bald for a while. The team injected osteopontin into the skin of some of these newly-bald mice. Within 12 days, new hairs appeared on those that had received osteopontin.
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