Bipedalism was common among the earliest known species of humankind, not only on the ground but also in trees.
The oldest known human-like species likely walked on two legs as far back as 7 million years ago, a new study finds, and the discovery sheds light on what first set humans apart from our ape relatives.
The partial skull of S. tchadensis that the scientists found revealed that the species was probably close to a chimpanzee in size and structure. Although its brain also appeared chimp-size, its face and teeth more closely resembled those of hominins, suggesting it may have been a close relative of the last common ancestor of humans and chimps, the researchers said.
Toumaï lent support to the idea that bipedalism may have helped set the earliest hominins apart from their relatives. However, until now, aside from this skull, researchers knew of S. tchadensis only from a few jaw fragments and some teeth. Without more bones from the rest of the body, some researchers reserved judgment as to whether S. tchadensis was a biped, Lieberman noted.
All of these findings in the femur suggested that S. tchadensis was usually bipedal, perhaps on the ground, or maybe also in the forest canopy.
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